Antarctica remains a unique example of international cooperation, but rising tourism, strategic ambitions, and resource interests are testing the limits of the Antarctic Treaty System.
Antarctica remains a unique example of international cooperation, but rising tourism, strategic ambitions, and resource interests are testing the limits of the Antarctic Treaty System.
The Antarctic Treaty, established in 1959 to guarantee peace and scientific collaboration, is under growing strain. With 53 nations now involved, including new actors like China and India, consensus-based decision-making is increasingly complex. China’s construction of a fifth research base and the expansion of Antarctic tourism highlight the challenges of regulating activities in this fragile environment.
Key issues include fishing rights, bio-prospecting, and potential resource exploitation, all of which could become contentious as climate change opens new areas and makes the continent more accessible. Experts warn that the treaty’s current mechanisms may be insufficient to manage these pressures, with decisions requiring unanimous agreement leaving any one nation with effective veto power.
Despite these tensions, Antarctica still serves as a model for cooperation: countries rely on each other to survive in extreme conditions, and scientific collaboration remains a high priority. Observers suggest the Antarctic Treaty could offer lessons for governance in other contested regions, such as the Arctic or international space.
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The International Polar Foundation and the Trân Family are proud to announce the fourth winner of the annual Laurence Trân Arctic Futures Award: Marine Spark X from Tromsø, Norway.
The International Polar Foundation and the Trân Family are proud to announce the fourth winner of the annual Laurence Trân Arctic Futures Award: Marine Spark X from Tromsø, Norway.
After settling in at the Princess Elisabeth Antarctica (PEA), the team has fully reactivated all the station’s systems. Now that everyone has settled in, the real work begins: maintaining the station and supporting this season’s scientific research projects.
In partnership with the International Polar Foundation (IPF), Khalifa University of Science and Technology recently hosted the Polar Futures: Collaborative Innovation for a Sustainable Earth seminar at its Main Campus in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.